About the Transplant - Nephrology Fellowship Program
The renal transplant fellowship offered by the Division of Nephrology is ACGME accredited and certified by the American Society of Transplantation (AST)/American Society of Transplant Surgeons (ASTS). Our transplant program, the largest in the region, performs over 300 kidney transplants every year. A wide variety of transplant related therapies including kidney exchange, desensitization, and HIV and HCV positive kidney transplants are performed.
The Virginia Commonwealth University Transplant Nephrology Fellowship Program provides an opportunity to pursue advanced training in clinical transplant nephrology and to undertake training in basic science research or clinical research. The program is designed for trainees who wish to receive outstanding educational training in order to pursue a career in either academic medicine or private practice.
The fellowship involves one year of training that integrates the six core competencies (patient care, medical knowledge, practice-based learning and improvement, interpersonal and communication skills, professionalism, and systems-based learning). Each fellow will participate in clinical training, teaching and scholarly activities. The training experience includes involvement in all aspects of pre-transplant care including list management, kidney donor evaluations and assessment and acceptance of deceased donor organs, as well as post-transplant care including performing biopsies and management of immunosuppression. Fellows will participate in the evaluation and management of combined heart/kidney, pancreas/kidney and liver/kidney transplant patients. The fellows get hands-on training in immunology through rotations in the HLA lab and transplant kidney biopsy assessments with pathology. Dedicated teaching in transplant infectious disease is also provided. Under faculty mentorship, each fellow has the opportunity to participate in at least one research project and to attend one of the national transplant conferences as well. Our sites of practice include in-patient and continuity clinics at VCUHS.
After one year of clinical training, our goal is for each fellow to have confidence in independently evaluating and managing patients with a wide variety of kidney transplant issues.
Welcome
Program Director: Layla Kamal, MD
Learn
Program Curriculum & Conferences
Curriculum
Program Goals & Objectives
Fellows will be trained in all aspects of care for the renal transplant patient, including – but not limited to – pre-transplant evaluation, list management, kidney donor evaluation, peri-operative kidney transplant management and post-transplant care including immunosuppression, performing ultrasound guided transplant kidney biopsies.
Tracks
One-year ACGME accredited Transplant Nephrology Fellowship after completion of an accredited general nephrology fellowship program..
Typical Schedule
You will rotate through transplant nephrology consults inpatient consult at VCUHS, pre-transplant evaluation clinics and post-transplant continuity clinics. You will also have a dedicated HLA lab rotation.
Unique Learning Opportunities
Fellows also have the opportunity to rotate through:
- HLA lab (immunology)
- Transplant Infectious Disease
- Plasmapheresis
- Point of care Ultrasound training
- Renal Pathology
Conferences
Nephrology Grand Rounds
This conference series is prepared on an annual basis with presentations given by internal and visiting faculty members and VCU Nephrology fellows. Transplant Nephrology Fellows present one to two times each year on topics of their choice.
Transplant Conference
This conference series is prepared on an annual basis with presentations given by internal and visiting faculty members and VCU transplant nephrology and surgery fellows. Transplant Nephrology fellows present one to two times each year on topics of their choice with the help of faculty mentorship.
Renal Biopsy Conference
Renal Biopsy Conference is held in lieu of Renal Grand Rounds the 4th Thursday of each month.
Journal Club
Faculty members select articles and assign one to each of two fellows each month. The fellow reviews and presents the article, which includes salient methods, results, discussion, and study dissection/critiques.
Research Conference
This monthly conference highlights the various research methods and techniques throughout the university. This will include lectures from Division faculty members, other researchers from VCU (outside of Nephrology) and often visiting physicians from outside institutions.
Scholarship
Our recent publications, presentations and abstracts
2026
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Improving the histologic detection of donor-specific antibody-negative antibody-mediated rejection in kidney transplants. Am J Transplant. 2026 Jan;26(1):117-130. doi: 10.1016/j.ajt.2025.08.029. PMID: 40854490.
2025
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Donor-derived cell-free DNA significantly improves rejection yield in kidney transplant biopsies. Am J Transplant. 2025 Dec;25(12):2529-2542. doi: 10.1016/j.ajt.2025.07.2484. PMID: 40780562
Costimulation blockade: the next generation. Curr Opin Organ Transplant. 2025 Apr 1;30(2):96-102. doi: 10.1097/MOT.0000000000001206..PMID: 39882641
2024
- Frailty and Prehabilitation: Navigating the Road to a Successful Transplant. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2024 Nov 1;35(11):1607-1609. doi: 10.1681/ASN.0000000000000485. PMID: 39137041
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Cell-free DNA for the detection of kidney allograft rejection. Nat Med. 2024 Aug;30(8):2320-2327. doi: 10.1038/s41591-024-03087-3.PMID: 38824959
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Management and Outcomes of Kidney Transplant Candidates With Severe Pulmonary Hypertension: A Single-center Strategy and Experience. Transplant Direct. 2024 May 16;10(6):e1640. doi: 10.1097/TXD.0000000000001640.PMID: 38769978
2023
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Detection of Transmissible Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 From Deceased Kidney Donors: Implications for Kidney Transplant Recipients. Transplantation. 2023 Feb 1;107(2):e65-e67. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000004422. PMID: 36316299
2022
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Correlation of Donor-derived Cell-free DNA With Histology and Molecular Diagnoses of Kidney Transplant Biopsies. Transplantation. 2022 May 1;106(5):1061-1070. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000003838. PMID: 34075006\
2021
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COVID-19 vaccine does not alter panel reactive antibody or flow cytometric cross match in kidney transplant candidates. Transpl Immunol. 2021 Dec;69:101469. doi: 10.1016/j.trim.2021.101469.PMID: 34536553
- Donor-derived Cell-free DNA in Solid-organ Transplant Diagnostics: Indications, Limitations, and Future Directions. Transplantation. 2021 Jun 1;105(6):1203-1211. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000003651.PMID: 33534526
2020
- Schmoyer CJ, Kumar D, Gupta G, Sterling RK. Diagnostic Accuracy of Non-Invasive Tests to Detect Advanced Hepatic Fibrosis in Patients With Hepatitis C and End-Stage Renal Disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020 Feb 18. PMID: 32084602
- A Chachar, I Moinuddin, D Kumar. Unusual Case of Nocardial Brain Abscess a decade after Renal Transplant. Poster Presentation at the National Kidney Foundation (NKF) 2020 Spring Clinical Meetings (SCM20), New Orleans, LA. 03/2020
2019
- Kamal L, Yu JW, Reichman TW, Kang L, Bandyopadhyay D, Kumar D, King A, Gautam U, Bhati C, Yakubu I, Lacy K, Levy M, Gupta G. Impact of Induction Immunosuppression strategies in Simultaneous Liver Kidney Transplantation. Transplantation. 2019 Apr 22. PMID: 31022149
- D. Kumar, F. Safavi, R. Sandhu, P. Halloran, I. Yakubu, M. Levy, I. Moinuddin, P. Kimball, L. Kamal, A. King, H. Massey, G. Gupta. Lack Of Response To Tocilizumab In Kidney Transplants With Chronic Antibody-mediated Rejection. Poster presentation at Kumar, Dhiren 3 of 16 the American Transplant Congress 2019, Boston, MA.
- D. Kumar, M. Raynaud, P. Halloran, A. Loupy, J. Chang, J. Reeve, I. Yakubu, S. Bobba, L. Kamal, M. Levy, C. Bhati, P. Kimball, A. King, G. Gupta. Impact Of Belatacept Conversion On Renal Function, Histology And Gene Expression In Kidney Transplant Patients With Chronic Active Antibody-mediated Rejection. Oral Presentation; 2019 American Transplant Congress. Boston, MA, U.S.A. 06/2019
- I. Moinuddin, D. Kumar, P. Halloran, L. Kamal, A. King, P. Kimball, M. Levy, C. Bhati, D. Massey, G. Gupta. Correlation of Donor-Derived Cell-Free DNA with Histology and Molecular Diagnoses of Kidney Transplant Biopsies. Oral Presentation; 2019 American Transplant Congress. Boston, MA, U.S.A. 06/2019
- G. Gupta, D. Kumar, M. Raynaud, A. Loupy, J. Chang, J. Reeve, P. Sanghi, I. Yakubu, L. Kamal, M. Levy, C. Bhati, P. Kimball, A. King, H. Massey, P. Halloran. Impact of Belatacept Conversion on Renal Function, Histology and Gene Expression in Kidney Transplant Patients with Interstitial Fibrosis and Tubular Atrophy. Oral Presentation; 2019 American Transplant Congress. Boston, MA, U.S.A. 06/2019
2018
- Kumar D, Yakubu I, Cooke RH, Halloran PF, Gupta G. Belatacept rescue for delayed kidney allograft function in a patient with previous combined heart-liver transplant. Am J Transplant. 2018 Jul 7. PMID: 29981184
- G. Gupta, S. Bobba, D. Contaifer, P. Kimball, A. King, D. Kumar, M. Levy, J. Stern, D. Kumar, Wijesinghe. A Pre-Transplant Blood-Based Lipid Signature for Prediction of AntibodyMediated Rejection in Kidney Transplant Patients. Poster Presentation; 2018 American Transplant Congress. Seattle, WA.
2017
- Pooja Sanghi, Gaurav Gupta, Dhiren Kumar, Jeff Reeve, Marlon Levy, Amit Sharma, Hasan Fattah, Pamela Kimball, Hugh D Massey, Anne L King, Philip Halloran. Impact of Belatacept Conversion on Kidney Transplant Function, Histology and Gene Expression. Oral presentation at the American Transplant Congress
2016
- Hitarth Dave, Luke Wolfe, Hasan Fattah, Dhiren Kumar, Anne L King, Marlon Levy, Adrian Cotterell, Amit Sharma, Chandra S Bhati, and Gaurav Gupta. Induction with T-cell Depletional Agents is Safe and Efficacious In the Very Elderly Kidney Transplant Recipients: An Analysis of the OPTN Database. Presented at the American Transplant Congress 2016.
2015
- G. Gupta, A. Regmi, D. Kumar, S. Posner, M. P. Posner, A. Sharma, A. Cotterell, C. S. Bhati, P. Kimball, H. Davis Massey, A.L. King. Am J Transplant. 2015; May. Safe Conversion from Tacrolimus to Belatacept in High Immunologic Risk Kidney Transplant Recipients with Allograft Dysfunction.
- Gaurav Gupta, Hasan Fattah, Rivka Ayalon, Jason Kidd, Todd Gehr, Luis F. Quintana, Pamela Kimball, Salima Sadruddin, H. Davis Massey, Dhiren Kumar, Anne L. King, M.D., and Laurence H. Beck, Jr. submitted to the ‘Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology’. Pre-transplant Phospholipase A2 Receptor Autoantibody Concentration is Associated with Recurrence of Membranous Nephropathy Post-Kidney Transplantation
- Anil Regmi, Omer Ali, Dhiren Kumar, Anne King, Gaurav Gupta. Late Recurrent UTIs in Kidney Transplant Patients: Risk Factors, Microbiologic and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns. Poster presentation at the American Transplant Congress 2015.
2014
- Layal Abdel Rahman, Pamela Kimball, Anne King, Amit Sharma, Adrian Cotterell, Dhiren Kumar, Muhammad R. Qureshi, Felecia McDougan, and Gaurav Gupta. Intravenous Immunoglobulin and Rituximab Based Desensitization Is Ineffective for Highly Sensitized Patients. Poster presentation at the American Society of Nephrology Meeting 2014.
- Muhammad R Qureshi, Gaurav Gupta, Layal A Rahman, Marc P Posner, Amit Sharma, Martha Behnke, Stacey Posner, Dhiren Kumar, Anne L King. Minor Variations in Induction Rabbit Anti-thymocyte Globulin Dosing Are Not Associated with an Increased Risk of Infections or Rejection. Poster presentation at the World Transplant Congress 2014.
2013
- Linatoc JAT, Ren Q, Behnke M, Sharma A, Posner M, Gehr T, King A. Effect of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection on the Outcome of Highly Sensitized Kidney Transplant Recipients in Modern Immunosuppression Era. Oral presentation, American Transplant Congress 2012.
- Linatoc JAT, Ren Q, Behnke M, Sharma A, Posner M, Gehr T, King A. Effect of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection on the Outcome of Highly Sensitized Kidney Transplant Recipients in Modern Immunosuppression Era. Oral presentation, Virginia Commonwealth University Resident Research Day. June 2012, Richmond VA.
- Gaurav Gupta, Julie Ann T. Linatoc, David Lee, Marc P Posner, Qing Ren, Anne L. King, Pamela Kimball. Incidence and Clinical Course of Antibody-mediated Rejection in Kidney Allografts associated with Non-HLA-antibodies targeting Angiotensin type 1 Receptor. Presented at American Society of Nephrology Meeting 2013.
- Julie Ann T. Linatoc, Anne King, Davis Massey, Gaurav Gupta. Relapsing-Remitting Course of Mixed Cryoglobulinemic Glomerulonephritis After Kidney Transplantation. Presented at National Kidney Foundation Meeting 2013.
Life During Fellowship
Transplant - Nephrology Fellowship
Vacation Time
Each fellow has four weeks of vacation per year.
Night Coverage
Nephrology fellows do not take any in-house call. Nighttime at-home call is distributed amongst transplant and general nephrology fellows throughout the year. The fellows provide at-home call for urgent clinical care questions and consults. Fellows come in for emergent consults, staffed with the on-call attending physician. Additionally, the attending physician provides back-up, supervision, and escalation for the fellow on-call. A fatigue policy is in place whereas fellows should expect coverage by a colleague or attending if they are too fatigued to work following a call.
Weekend Coverage
Fellows cover VCU Hospital for approximately 6 weekends per year. When on call over a weekend, the fellows see all new consults at VCU during the day, which are staffed with the attending physicians on call. Additionally, the weekend on-call fellow rounds with the attending physician on existing consults.
GME Resident & Fellow Well-Being
Graduate Medical Education training is not easy. With the GME Physician Well-being program, we first and foremost assert our commitment to your well-being, resilience and all aspects of a healthy lifestyle. VCU and VCU Health are dedicated to ensuring that you have the tools you need to be your best. (Learn more)
All About VCU, VCUHealth, and RVA
First things first. We fondly refer to Richmond as RVA. People love this city because it’s awesome. And Virginia Commonwealth University is in the middle of it all. Learn more about VCU, VCUHealth, and RVA!
Program Leadership
Transplant - Nephrology Fellowship
Layla Kamal, MD
Program Director
Layla Kamal, MD
Program Director
Internal Medicine
Division of Nephrology
Email: layla.kamal@vcuhealth.org
Gaurav Gupta, MD
Division Chief
Gaurav Gupta, MD
Division Chief
Internal Medicine
Division of Nephrology
Email: gaurav.gupta@vcuhealth.org
Faculty
Transplant - Nephrology Fellowship
- Akshay Athreya, MD - Fellowship Associate Program Director
- Ambreen Azhar, MBBS
- Gaurav Gupta, MD - Division Chief
- Layla Kamal, MD - Fellowship Program Director
- Dhiren Kumar, MD
- Irfan Moinuddin, MBBS
- Niveditha Girimaji Satishchandra, MD
Fellows
Transplant - Nephrology Fellowship
Class of 2026

Raja Boddepalli, MD
Medical School: Mamata Medical College
Residency: Albert Einstein Medical Center
Fellowship: Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
Alumni
Class of 2024
Nouman Akbar, MBBS
Medical School: King Edward Medical University, Pakistan
Residency: George Washington University/Providence Hospital, District of Columbia, DC
Viralkumar Amrutiya, MBBS
Medical School: Hebei Medical University, China
Residency: Hackensack Meridian Health Palisades Medical Centre, North Bergen, NJ
Class of 2023
Akshay Athreya, MBBS
Medical School: Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, India
Residency: Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
Fellowship: Chief Fellow - Nephrology at New York Presbyterian, Queens, NY
Peace Johnson, MD
Medical School: UNC Chapel Hill
Residency: VCU Internal Medicine, Richmond, VA
Class of 2022
Fernando Moran, MD
Medical School: Universidad Autonoma de Guadalajara School of Medicine
Residency: Valley Baptist Medical Center; University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Fellowship: Tampa General Hospital, James A. Haley VA Hospital, Moffitt Cancer Center; University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
Shiba Khorsandi, MD
Medical School: Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Doctor of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran
Residency: Seton Hall University School of Health & Medical Sciences Internal Medicine Residency, Elizabeth, NJ
Fellowship: UMDNJ – University Hospital Nephrology Fellowship, Newark, NJ
Class of 2021
Sravanthi Paluri, MBBS
Medical School: Katuri Medical College, Guntur, India
Residency: Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
Fellowship: Nephrology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
Bhupinder Prajapati, MBBS
Medical School: University of the West Indies, St Augustine campus
Residency: Internal medicine, SUNY Downstate, Brooklyn, NY
Fellowship: Nephrology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
Class of 2018
Ujwal Gautam, MBBS
Medical School: Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi, India
Residency: St. John’s Episcopal Hospital, Far Rockaway, NY
Irfan Moinuddin, MBBS
Medical School: Jinnah Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
Residency: St. Joseph Mercy – Oakland Program, Pontiac, MI
Class of 2017
Sindhura Bobba, MBBS
Medical School: Siddhartha Medical College, Government General Hospital, Vijayawada, India
Residency: Howard University Hospital, Washington, DC
Pooja Sanghi
Medical School: Sriram Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack, Orissa, India
Residency: Basic Physician Trianing, Royal Australasian College of Physicians. (RACP)
Fellowship: Nephrology Advanced Training Royal Australasian College of Physicians (RACP), Australia
Class of 2016
Hitarth Dave
Medical School: Medical University of the Americas (Nevis) Saint Kitts and Nevis
Residency: Leonard J Chabert Medical Center, Houma, LA
Apply
Transplant - Nephrology Fellowship
Eligibility requirements
The applicant should be an MD with three or more years of Internal Medicine residency training in an ACGME-accredited training program. A pass on USMLE Step 3 is a mandatory prerequisite for acceptance as a fellow.
Our institution can sponsor J-1 visas.
Required information:
- Application
- Curriculum Vitae
- USMLE score reports
- Medical school transcripts
- A personal statement
- 4 letters of recommendation, including one from your program director
- A photograph
If applicable, please provide the following:
- ECFMG certificate
- Medical School Diploma (with translation if necessary)
Application Timeline
Interview dates for the 2026 Interview Season will be starting with August 1, 2026 and ending January 1, 2026.
Sample interview itinerary:
10:45 – Arrival
11:00 – 11:30 – Interview
11:30 – 12:00 – Interview/Tour with fellow
12:00 – 12:30 – Interview
12:30 – 01:30 – Transplant Conference
01:30 – 02:00 – Program Overview and Interview with PD
02:00 – 02:30 – Interview
02:30 – 03:00 – Interview
03:00 – 03:30 – Interview – Fellow
03:30 – 04:00 – Wrap up, Questions with PD
Attention: In support of our applicants, we will be flexible in providing virtual and on-site fellowship interview opportunities. We understand that applicants may have restrictions on travel during this time. Our interview schedule may change as we approach the late summer and fall.
Contacts
Transplant - Nephrology Fellowship
Program Director
Layla Kamal, MD
Email: layla.kamal@vcuhealth.org
Fellowship Coordinator
Tiffany Wilkins, CCMA
VCU School of Medicine
Dept of Internal Medicine
Box 980509
Richmond, VA 23298-0509
Phone: (804) 828-9726
Email: imfellowships@vcuhealth.org
For training verification requests, please visit us at https://intmed.vcu.edu/education/verification/